What material is usually used in stamping die

The materials for manufacturing stamping die include steel, hard alloy, steel bonded hard alloy, zinc base alloy, low melting point alloy, aluminum bronze, polymer material, etc. At present, most of the materials for manufacturing stamping die are steel. The commonly used types of die working parts materials are: carbon tool steel, low alloy tool steel, high carbon and high chromium or medium chromium tool steel, medium carbon alloy steel, high speed steel, matrix steel and hard alloy, steel-based hard alloy, etc. The details are as follows:
1. The carbon tool steels are T8A, T10A and so on, which are widely used in the mold. Their advantages are good processing performance and low price. However, the hardenability and red hardness are poor, the heat treatment deformation is large, and the bearing capacity is low.
2. Low alloy tool steel low alloy tool steel is based on carbon tool steel added with appropriate alloy elements. Compared with the carbon tool steel, it reduces the quenching deformation and cracking tendency, improves the hardenability and wear resistance of the steel. The low alloy steels used to manufacture the mould are CrWMn, 9mn2v, 7CrSiMnMoV (code CH-1), 6crnisimnmov (code GD), etc.
3. Cr12, Cr12MoV and Cr12Mo1V1 (code D2) are commonly used high carbon and high chromium tool steels. They have good hardenability, hardenability and wear resistance. The deformation of heat treatment is very small. They are high wear-resistant micro deformation die steels, and the bearing capacity is second only to high-speed steel. However, the carbide segregation is serious, so it is necessary to carry out repeated upsetting and drawing (axial upsetting and radial drawing) instead of forging, so as to reduce the heterogeneity of carbide and improve the service performance.
4. The high carbon and medium chromium tool steels used in dies are Cr4W2MoV, cr6wv, Cr5MoV, etc. they have low chromium content, less eutectic carbide, uniform carbide distribution, small heat treatment deformation, good hardenability and dimensional stability. Compared with the high carbon and high chromium steel with relatively serious carbide segregation, its properties are improved.
5. High speed steel high speed steel has the highest hardness, wear resistance and compressive strength in die steel, and has high bearing capacity. W18Cr4V (code 8-4-1), W6Mo5Cr4V2 (code 6-5-4-2, U.S. brand m2) and 6w6mo5cr4v (code 6w6 or low carbon m2) are commonly used in the die. High speed steel also needs to be forged to improve its carbide distribution.
6. Matrix steel can improve the properties of high speed steel by adding a small amount of other elements to its basic composition and increasing or decreasing the carbon content. Such steel grades are collectively referred to as base steel. They not only have the characteristics of high-speed steel, but also have certain wear resistance and hardness, and their fatigue strength and toughness are better than high-speed steel. The base steels commonly used in the mould are 6cr4w3mo2vnb (code 65Nb), 7Cr7Mo2V2Si (code LD), 5cr4mo3simnval (code 012AL), etc.
7. The hardness and wear resistance of cemented carbide and steel bonded cemented carbide are higher than that of any other die steel, but the bending strength and toughness are poor. The cemented carbide used for die is tungsten cobalt. For die with low impact and high wear resistance, the cemented carbide with low cobalt content can be selected. For the mould with high impact, the cemented carbide with high cobalt content can be selected.
Steel bonded cemented carbide is made of iron powder with a small amount of alloy elements powder (such as chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, etc.) as binder, titanium carbide or tungsten carbide as hard phase and sintered by powder metallurgy. The matrix of steel bonded cemented carbide is steel, which overcomes the shortcomings of poor toughness and machining difficulties of cemented carbide. It can be cut, welded, forged and heat treated. Steel bonded carbide contains a lot of carbides. Although its hardness and wear resistance are lower than that of cemented carbide, it is still higher than other steel grades. After quenching and tempering, its hardness can reach 68-73 HRC.